See aral on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*arall",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/arall"
],
[
"*aralyos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/aralyos"
],
[
"arall",
"arall#Welsh"
],
[
"arall",
"arall#Breton"
],
[
"araile",
"araile#Irish"
],
[
"*alyos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/alyos"
],
[
"*h₂élyos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂élyos"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*arall"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *arall",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*aralyos",
"4": "",
"5": "other"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *aralyos (“other”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "arall"
},
"expansion": "Welsh arall",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "arall"
},
"expansion": "Breton arall",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "araile"
},
"expansion": "Irish araile",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂élyos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *arall, from Proto-Celtic *aralyos (“other”) (compare Welsh arall, Breton arall, Irish araile), a dissimilated reduplication of *alyos (“other”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "erel",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "plural",
"4": "erel"
},
"expansion": "aral (plural erel)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 18 15 22 15 12 1 5 0 1 1 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"other (not the one previously referred to)"
],
"id": "en-aral-kw-adj--6AP08L-",
"links": [
[
"other",
"other"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/aˈraːl/",
"tags": [
"Revived-Middle-Cornish"
]
}
],
"word": "aral"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dta",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "aral",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Daur",
"lang_code": "dta",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Daur entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 18 15 22 15 12 1 5 0 1 1 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"yoke"
],
"id": "en-aral-dta-noun-wUs3q3ob",
"links": [
[
"yoke",
"yoke"
]
]
}
],
"word": "aral"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"aral",
"aral#Malay"
],
[
"عَرَض",
"عرض#Persian"
],
[
"عَرَض",
"عرض#Arabic"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "aral"
},
"expansion": "Malay aral",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "fa",
"3": "عَرَض",
"t": "",
"tr": "'araz"
},
"expansion": "Persian عَرَض ('araz)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ar",
"3": "عَرَض",
"t": "accident"
},
"expansion": "Arabic عَرَض (ʕaraḍ, “accident”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay aral, from Persian عَرَض ('araz), from Arabic عَرَض (ʕaraḍ, “accident”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "aral-aral",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "aral (plural aral-aral)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"aral"
]
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 18 15 22 15 12 1 5 0 1 1 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"obstacle, hindrance"
],
"id": "en-aral-id-noun-kgIpzPme",
"links": [
[
"obstacle",
"obstacle"
],
[
"hindrance",
"hindrance"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "alangan"
},
{
"word": "rintangan"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈaral/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ral"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
},
{
"rhymes": "-l"
}
],
"word": "aral"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"arillus",
"arillus#Latin"
],
[
"arilli",
"arilli#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "la-new",
"3": "arillus"
},
"expansion": "New Latin arillus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "arilli"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin arilli",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From New Latin arillus, from Medieval Latin arilli.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "arail",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arail",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "an t-aral",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na harail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "an arail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na n-aral",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an aral",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don aral",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis na harail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aral",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "n-aral",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis"
]
},
{
"form": "haral",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "",
"11": "nominative plural",
"12": "arail",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "arail",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "aral m (genitive singular arail, nominative plural arail)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "arail",
"3": "arail"
},
"expansion": "aral m (genitive singular arail, nominative plural arail)",
"name": "ga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ga",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "ga:Botany",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 19 15 23 15 8 1 3 1 1 1 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 18 15 22 15 12 1 5 0 1 1 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"aril"
],
"id": "en-aral-ga-noun-jKQ-3eJy",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"aril",
"aril"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) aril"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "aral"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"word": "aral"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"عَرَض",
"عرض#Persian"
],
[
"عَرَض",
"عرض#Arabic"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "fa",
"3": "عَرَض",
"t": "accident",
"tr": "'araz"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Persian عَرَض ('araz, “accident”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ar",
"3": "عَرَض"
},
"expansion": "Arabic عَرَض (ʕaraḍ)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Persian عَرَض ('araz, “accident”), from Arabic عَرَض (ʕaraḍ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "عرل",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "aral-aral",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aral²",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "عرل"
},
"expansion": "aral (Jawi spelling عرل, plural aral-aral or aral²)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 18 15 22 15 12 1 5 0 1 1 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "meN- + -kan",
"translation": "meN- + -kan",
"word": "mengaralkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"obstacle, hindrance"
],
"id": "en-aral-ms-noun-kgIpzPme",
"links": [
[
"obstacle",
"obstacle"
],
[
"hindrance",
"hindrance"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈaral/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈʔa.ral]"
}
],
"word": "aral"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "aral-aralan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "aral-kapatid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "aralan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "aralin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "araling panlipunan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "araling-pambahay"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bahay-paaralan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ipangaral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kaaral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kamag-aaral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mababang paaralan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mag-aaral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mag-aral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "magpaaral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mangangaral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mangaral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mataas na paaralan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "may-pinag-aralan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "napag-aralan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "paaralan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "paaralang bayan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "paaralang elementarya"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "paaralang primarya"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "paaralang sekundarya"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pag-aaral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pag-aralan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "paksang-aralin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "palaaral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pampaaralan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pangangaral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pangaral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pangaralan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "papag-aralin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pinag-aralan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "silid-aralan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "silid-paaralan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "takdang-aralin"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₂éd",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂éd"
],
[
"*HáH",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/HáH"
],
[
"आ",
"आ#Sanskrit:_towards"
],
[
"आ-",
"आ-#Sanskrit"
],
[
"*kʷelh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷelh₁-"
],
[
"*čarH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/čarH-"
],
[
"चर्",
"चर्#Sanskrit"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"-अ",
"-अ#Sanskrit"
],
[
"चर",
"चर#Sanskrit"
],
[
"चार",
"चार#Sanskrit"
],
[
"आचार",
"आचार#Sanskrit"
],
[
"*-yós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yós#Proto-Indo-European:_suffix"
],
[
"-य",
"-य#Sanskrit"
],
[
"आचार्य",
"आचार्य#Sanskrit"
],
[
"ajar",
"ajar#Malay"
],
[
"ajar",
"ajar#Malay"
],
[
"आचार्य",
"आचार्य#Sanskrit"
],
[
"आचार",
"आचार#Sanskrit"
],
[
"-य",
"-य#Sanskrit"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Cuyunon"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Masbatenyo"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Masbate_Sorsogon"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Waray_Sorsogon"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Central_Bikol"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Ilocano"
],
[
"aray",
"aray#Asi"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": ":bor<unc>",
"3": "ms:ajar",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Indo-Iranian *HáH\nSanskrit आ (ā)\nSanskrit आ- (ā-)\nProto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-\nProto-Indo-Iranian *čarH-\nSanskrit चर् (car)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nSanskrit -अ (-a)\nSanskrit चर (cara)vṛd.\nSanskrit चार (cāra)\nSanskrit आचार (ācāra)\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nSanskrit -य (-ya)\nSanskrit आचार्य (ācārya)\nMalay ajarbor.?\nTagalog aral\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"towards\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂éd\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*HáH\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"आ\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"आ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"vṛd.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Vṛddhi derivative of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to move; to turn (around)\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kʷelh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*čarH-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"चर्\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"-अ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"चर\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"vrd\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"चार\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"आचार\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"-य\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"आचार्य\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Malay\", \"term\" : \"ajar\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ms\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Tagalog\", \"term\" : \"aral\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"tl\" }\" data-lang=\"tl\" data-title=\"aral\">\nPossibly borrowed from Malay ajar, from Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya), from आचार (ācāra) + -य (-ya).",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cyo",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Cuyunon adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "msb",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Masbatenyo adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bks",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Masbate Sorsogon adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "srv",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Waray Sorsogon adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Central Bikol adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ilo",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Ilocano adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bno",
"2": "aray"
},
"expansion": "Asi aray",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Indo-Iranian *HáH\nSanskrit आ (ā)\nSanskrit आ- (ā-)\nProto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-\nProto-Indo-Iranian *čarH-\nSanskrit चर् (car)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nSanskrit -अ (-a)\nSanskrit चर (cara)vṛd.\nSanskrit चार (cāra)\nSanskrit आचार (ācāra)\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nSanskrit -य (-ya)\nSanskrit आचार्य (ācārya)\nMalay ajarbor.?\nTagalog aral\nPossibly borrowed from Malay ajar, from Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya), from आचार (ācāra) + -य (-ya). Compare Cuyunon adal, Masbatenyo adal, Masbate Sorsogon adal, Waray Sorsogon adal, Central Bikol adal, Ilocano adal, Asi aray.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜀᜇᜎ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "aral (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜎ᜔)",
"name": "tl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧ral"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"a‧ral"
]
}
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "asal"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"study; studying"
],
"id": "en-aral-tl-noun-JTjw25kM",
"links": [
[
"study",
"study"
],
[
"studying",
"studying"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pag-aaral"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 91 9 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "tl",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "tl:Education",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"instruction; education"
],
"id": "en-aral-tl-noun-PDX5gAxO",
"links": [
[
"instruction",
"instruction"
],
[
"education",
"education"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "turo"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
12
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
21,
28
]
],
"english": "The Bible is full of lessons.",
"text": "Puno ng aral ang Bibliya.",
"translation": "The Bible is full of lessons.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"moral lesson; moral teaching (especially from a story)"
],
"id": "en-aral-tl-noun-lf5gtSAz",
"links": [
[
"moral",
"moral"
],
[
"lesson",
"lesson"
],
[
"moral",
"moral"
],
[
"teaching",
"teaching"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "leksiyon"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"counsel; admonition; advice"
],
"id": "en-aral-tl-noun-pFJ7axYa",
"links": [
[
"counsel",
"counsel"
],
[
"admonition",
"admonition"
],
[
"advice",
"advice"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "payo"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʔaɾal/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈʔaː.ɾɐl]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɾal"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔaˈɾal/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɐˈɾal]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
"word": "aral"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₂éd",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂éd"
],
[
"*HáH",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/HáH"
],
[
"आ",
"आ#Sanskrit:_towards"
],
[
"आ-",
"आ-#Sanskrit"
],
[
"*kʷelh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷelh₁-"
],
[
"*čarH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/čarH-"
],
[
"चर्",
"चर्#Sanskrit"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"-अ",
"-अ#Sanskrit"
],
[
"चर",
"चर#Sanskrit"
],
[
"चार",
"चार#Sanskrit"
],
[
"आचार",
"आचार#Sanskrit"
],
[
"*-yós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yós#Proto-Indo-European:_suffix"
],
[
"-य",
"-य#Sanskrit"
],
[
"आचार्य",
"आचार्य#Sanskrit"
],
[
"ajar",
"ajar#Malay"
],
[
"ajar",
"ajar#Malay"
],
[
"आचार्य",
"आचार्य#Sanskrit"
],
[
"आचार",
"आचार#Sanskrit"
],
[
"-य",
"-य#Sanskrit"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Cuyunon"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Masbatenyo"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Masbate_Sorsogon"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Waray_Sorsogon"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Central_Bikol"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Ilocano"
],
[
"aray",
"aray#Asi"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": ":bor<unc>",
"3": "ms:ajar",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Indo-Iranian *HáH\nSanskrit आ (ā)\nSanskrit आ- (ā-)\nProto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-\nProto-Indo-Iranian *čarH-\nSanskrit चर् (car)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nSanskrit -अ (-a)\nSanskrit चर (cara)vṛd.\nSanskrit चार (cāra)\nSanskrit आचार (ācāra)\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nSanskrit -य (-ya)\nSanskrit आचार्य (ācārya)\nMalay ajarbor.?\nTagalog aral\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"towards\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂éd\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*HáH\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"आ\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"आ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"vṛd.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Vṛddhi derivative of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to move; to turn (around)\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kʷelh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*čarH-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"चर्\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"-अ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"चर\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"vrd\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"चार\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"आचार\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"-य\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"आचार्य\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Malay\", \"term\" : \"ajar\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ms\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Tagalog\", \"term\" : \"aral\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"tl\" }\" data-lang=\"tl\" data-title=\"aral\">\nPossibly borrowed from Malay ajar, from Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya), from आचार (ācāra) + -य (-ya).",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cyo",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Cuyunon adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "msb",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Masbatenyo adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bks",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Masbate Sorsogon adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "srv",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Waray Sorsogon adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Central Bikol adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ilo",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Ilocano adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bno",
"2": "aray"
},
"expansion": "Asi aray",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Indo-Iranian *HáH\nSanskrit आ (ā)\nSanskrit आ- (ā-)\nProto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-\nProto-Indo-Iranian *čarH-\nSanskrit चर् (car)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nSanskrit -अ (-a)\nSanskrit चर (cara)vṛd.\nSanskrit चार (cāra)\nSanskrit आचार (ācāra)\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nSanskrit -य (-ya)\nSanskrit आचार्य (ācārya)\nMalay ajarbor.?\nTagalog aral\nPossibly borrowed from Malay ajar, from Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya), from आचार (ācāra) + -य (-ya). Compare Cuyunon adal, Masbatenyo adal, Masbate Sorsogon adal, Waray Sorsogon adal, Central Bikol adal, Ilocano adal, Asi aray.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "arál",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ᜀᜇᜎ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arál",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "arál (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜎ᜔)",
"name": "tl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧ral"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"a‧ral"
]
}
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 18 15 22 15 12 1 5 0 1 1 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 8 17 2 6 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 9 16 4 8 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 8 17 2 6 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 10 15 4 9 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 10 15 4 9 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "65 6 14 4 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 5 17 12 6 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 10 19 2 7 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 20 17 4 13 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 20 17 4 13 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 9 16 4 6 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"studious; given to studying; studied"
],
"id": "en-aral-tl-adj-Tm5qFr7~",
"links": [
[
"studious",
"studious"
],
[
"given",
"given"
],
[
"studying",
"studying"
],
[
"studied",
"studied"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"trained; well-trained; educated"
],
"id": "en-aral-tl-adj-w8McHkZW",
"links": [
[
"trained",
"trained"
],
[
"well",
"well"
],
[
"trained",
"trained"
],
[
"educated",
"educated"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʔaɾal/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈʔaː.ɾɐl]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɾal"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔaˈɾal/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɐˈɾal]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
"word": "aral"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"آرال",
"آرال#Ottoman_Turkish"
],
[
"*aral",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/aral"
],
[
"арал",
"арал#Mongolian"
],
[
"ئارال",
"ئارال#Uyghur"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "آرال",
"t": "archipelago",
"tr": "aral"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish آرال (aral, “archipelago”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "xgn-pro",
"3": "*aral"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *aral",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "арал"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian арал (aral)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "ئارال"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur ئارال (aral)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish آرال (aral, “archipelago”), from a Mongolic language, ultimately from Proto-Mongolic *aral, compare Mongolian арал (aral), Uyghur ئارال (aral).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "aralı",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "arallar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "aralı",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "plural",
"8": "arallar",
"f1request": "1",
"f3request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "aral (definite accusative aralı, plural arallar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ı",
"2": "lar"
},
"expansion": "aral (definite accusative aralı, plural arallar)",
"name": "tr-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "tr",
"name": "Geography",
"orig": "tr:Geography",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"archipelago"
],
"id": "en-aral-tr-noun-IB76KE6D",
"links": [
[
"archipelago",
"archipelago"
]
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"island"
],
"id": "en-aral-tr-noun-KM0sXBXR",
"links": [
[
"island",
"island"
]
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "aral"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Classical",
"lang_code": "mn",
"roman": "aral",
"word": "ᠠᠷᠠᠯ"
},
{
"lang": "Khalkha Mongolian",
"lang_code": "mn-kha",
"roman": "aral",
"word": "арал"
}
],
"lang": "Mongolian",
"lang_code": "mn"
},
{
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"lang_code": "xal",
"roman": "arl",
"word": "арл"
},
{
"lang": "Buryat",
"lang_code": "bua",
"roman": "aral",
"word": "арал"
},
{
"lang": "Dongxiang",
"lang_code": "sce",
"word": "aran"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "aral",
"word": "арал"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "aral",
"word": "арал"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "aral"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "aral",
"word": "آرال"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "aral",
"word": "арал"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "aral",
"word": "ئارال"
},
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "orol"
},
{
"lang": "Yakut",
"lang_code": "sah",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "arïï",
"word": "арыы"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*aral",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mongolic",
"lang_code": "xgn-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/aral",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Mongolic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"island"
],
"id": "en-aral-xgn-pro-noun-KM0sXBXR",
"links": [
[
"island",
"island"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "aral"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Geography"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*arall",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/arall"
],
[
"*aralyos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/aralyos"
],
[
"arall",
"arall#Welsh"
],
[
"arall",
"arall#Breton"
],
[
"araile",
"araile#Irish"
],
[
"*alyos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/alyos"
],
[
"*h₂élyos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂élyos"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*arall"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *arall",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*aralyos",
"4": "",
"5": "other"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *aralyos (“other”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "arall"
},
"expansion": "Welsh arall",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "arall"
},
"expansion": "Breton arall",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "araile"
},
"expansion": "Irish araile",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂élyos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *arall, from Proto-Celtic *aralyos (“other”) (compare Welsh arall, Breton arall, Irish araile), a dissimilated reduplication of *alyos (“other”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "erel",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "plural",
"4": "erel"
},
"expansion": "aral (plural erel)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cornish adjectives",
"Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"Cornish lemmas",
"Cornish terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Cornish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Cornish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Cornish terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Cornish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Cornish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"other (not the one previously referred to)"
],
"links": [
[
"other",
"other"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/aˈraːl/",
"tags": [
"Revived-Middle-Cornish"
]
}
],
"word": "aral"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Geography"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dta",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "aral",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Daur",
"lang_code": "dta",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Daur entries with incorrect language header",
"Daur lemmas",
"Daur nouns",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"yoke"
],
"links": [
[
"yoke",
"yoke"
]
]
}
],
"word": "aral"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Geography"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"aral",
"aral#Malay"
],
[
"عَرَض",
"عرض#Persian"
],
[
"عَرَض",
"عرض#Arabic"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "aral"
},
"expansion": "Malay aral",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "fa",
"3": "عَرَض",
"t": "",
"tr": "'araz"
},
"expansion": "Persian عَرَض ('araz)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ar",
"3": "عَرَض",
"t": "accident"
},
"expansion": "Arabic عَرَض (ʕaraḍ, “accident”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay aral, from Persian عَرَض ('araz), from Arabic عَرَض (ʕaraḍ, “accident”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "aral-aral",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "aral (plural aral-aral)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"aral"
]
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms derived from Arabic",
"Indonesian terms derived from Malay",
"Indonesian terms derived from Persian",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Malay",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/al",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/al/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/l",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/l/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/ral",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/ral/1 syllable"
],
"glosses": [
"obstacle, hindrance"
],
"links": [
[
"obstacle",
"obstacle"
],
[
"hindrance",
"hindrance"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "alangan"
},
{
"word": "rintangan"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈaral/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ral"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
},
{
"rhymes": "-l"
}
],
"word": "aral"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Geography"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"arillus",
"arillus#Latin"
],
[
"arilli",
"arilli#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "la-new",
"3": "arillus"
},
"expansion": "New Latin arillus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "arilli"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin arilli",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From New Latin arillus, from Medieval Latin arilli.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "arail",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arail",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "an t-aral",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na harail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "an arail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na n-aral",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an aral",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don aral",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis na harail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aral",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "n-aral",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis"
]
},
{
"form": "haral",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "",
"11": "nominative plural",
"12": "arail",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "arail",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "aral m (genitive singular arail, nominative plural arail)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "arail",
"3": "arail"
},
"expansion": "aral m (genitive singular arail, nominative plural arail)",
"name": "ga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish first-declension nouns",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish masculine nouns",
"Irish nouns",
"Irish terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Irish terms derived from New Latin",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ga:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"aril"
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"aril",
"aril"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) aril"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "aral"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Geography"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "meN- + -kan",
"translation": "meN- + -kan",
"word": "mengaralkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"word": "aral"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"عَرَض",
"عرض#Persian"
],
[
"عَرَض",
"عرض#Arabic"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "fa",
"3": "عَرَض",
"t": "accident",
"tr": "'araz"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Persian عَرَض ('araz, “accident”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ar",
"3": "عَرَض"
},
"expansion": "Arabic عَرَض (ʕaraḍ)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Persian عَرَض ('araz, “accident”), from Arabic عَرَض (ʕaraḍ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "عرل",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "aral-aral",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aral²",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "عرل"
},
"expansion": "aral (Jawi spelling عرل, plural aral-aral or aral²)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Malay 2-syllable words",
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay nouns",
"Malay terms borrowed from Persian",
"Malay terms derived from Arabic",
"Malay terms derived from Persian",
"Malay terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"obstacle, hindrance"
],
"links": [
[
"obstacle",
"obstacle"
],
[
"hindrance",
"hindrance"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈaral/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈʔa.ral]"
}
],
"word": "aral"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Classical",
"lang_code": "mn",
"roman": "aral",
"word": "ᠠᠷᠠᠯ"
},
{
"lang": "Khalkha Mongolian",
"lang_code": "mn-kha",
"roman": "aral",
"word": "арал"
}
],
"lang": "Mongolian",
"lang_code": "mn"
},
{
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"lang_code": "xal",
"roman": "arl",
"word": "арл"
},
{
"lang": "Buryat",
"lang_code": "bua",
"roman": "aral",
"word": "арал"
},
{
"lang": "Dongxiang",
"lang_code": "sce",
"word": "aran"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "aral",
"word": "арал"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "aral",
"word": "арал"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "aral"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "aral",
"word": "آرال"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "aral",
"word": "арал"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "aral",
"word": "ئارال"
},
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "orol"
},
{
"lang": "Yakut",
"lang_code": "sah",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "arïï",
"word": "арыы"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*aral",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mongolic",
"lang_code": "xgn-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/aral",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Mongolic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Mongolic lemmas",
"Proto-Mongolic nouns",
"xgn-pro:Landforms"
],
"glosses": [
"island"
],
"links": [
[
"island",
"island"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "aral"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/al",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/al/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/aɾal",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/aɾal/2 syllables",
"Tagalog 2-syllable words",
"Tagalog adjectives",
"Tagalog entries with etymology texts",
"Tagalog entries with etymology trees",
"Tagalog entries with etymon",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog nouns",
"Tagalog terms borrowed from Malay",
"Tagalog terms derived from Malay",
"Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Tagalog terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Tagalog terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷelh₁-",
"Tagalog terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂éd",
"Tagalog terms derived from the Sanskrit root चर्",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with audio pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"tl:Education",
"tr:Geography"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "aral-aralan"
},
{
"word": "aral-kapatid"
},
{
"word": "aralan"
},
{
"word": "aralin"
},
{
"word": "araling panlipunan"
},
{
"word": "araling-pambahay"
},
{
"word": "bahay-paaralan"
},
{
"word": "ipangaral"
},
{
"word": "kaaral"
},
{
"word": "kamag-aaral"
},
{
"word": "mababang paaralan"
},
{
"word": "mag-aaral"
},
{
"word": "mag-aral"
},
{
"word": "magpaaral"
},
{
"word": "mangangaral"
},
{
"word": "mangaral"
},
{
"word": "mataas na paaralan"
},
{
"word": "may-pinag-aralan"
},
{
"word": "napag-aralan"
},
{
"word": "paaralan"
},
{
"word": "paaralang bayan"
},
{
"word": "paaralang elementarya"
},
{
"word": "paaralang primarya"
},
{
"word": "paaralang sekundarya"
},
{
"word": "pag-aaral"
},
{
"word": "pag-aralan"
},
{
"word": "paksang-aralin"
},
{
"word": "palaaral"
},
{
"word": "pampaaralan"
},
{
"word": "pangangaral"
},
{
"word": "pangaral"
},
{
"word": "pangaralan"
},
{
"word": "papag-aralin"
},
{
"word": "pinag-aralan"
},
{
"word": "silid-aralan"
},
{
"word": "silid-paaralan"
},
{
"word": "takdang-aralin"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₂éd",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂éd"
],
[
"*HáH",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/HáH"
],
[
"आ",
"आ#Sanskrit:_towards"
],
[
"आ-",
"आ-#Sanskrit"
],
[
"*kʷelh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷelh₁-"
],
[
"*čarH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/čarH-"
],
[
"चर्",
"चर्#Sanskrit"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"-अ",
"-अ#Sanskrit"
],
[
"चर",
"चर#Sanskrit"
],
[
"चार",
"चार#Sanskrit"
],
[
"आचार",
"आचार#Sanskrit"
],
[
"*-yós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yós#Proto-Indo-European:_suffix"
],
[
"-य",
"-य#Sanskrit"
],
[
"आचार्य",
"आचार्य#Sanskrit"
],
[
"ajar",
"ajar#Malay"
],
[
"ajar",
"ajar#Malay"
],
[
"आचार्य",
"आचार्य#Sanskrit"
],
[
"आचार",
"आचार#Sanskrit"
],
[
"-य",
"-य#Sanskrit"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Cuyunon"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Masbatenyo"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Masbate_Sorsogon"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Waray_Sorsogon"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Central_Bikol"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Ilocano"
],
[
"aray",
"aray#Asi"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": ":bor<unc>",
"3": "ms:ajar",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Indo-Iranian *HáH\nSanskrit आ (ā)\nSanskrit आ- (ā-)\nProto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-\nProto-Indo-Iranian *čarH-\nSanskrit चर् (car)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nSanskrit -अ (-a)\nSanskrit चर (cara)vṛd.\nSanskrit चार (cāra)\nSanskrit आचार (ācāra)\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nSanskrit -य (-ya)\nSanskrit आचार्य (ācārya)\nMalay ajarbor.?\nTagalog aral\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"towards\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂éd\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*HáH\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"आ\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"आ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"vṛd.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Vṛddhi derivative of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to move; to turn (around)\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kʷelh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*čarH-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"चर्\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"-अ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"चर\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"vrd\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"चार\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"आचार\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"-य\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"आचार्य\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Malay\", \"term\" : \"ajar\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ms\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Tagalog\", \"term\" : \"aral\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"tl\" }\" data-lang=\"tl\" data-title=\"aral\">\nPossibly borrowed from Malay ajar, from Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya), from आचार (ācāra) + -य (-ya).",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cyo",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Cuyunon adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "msb",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Masbatenyo adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bks",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Masbate Sorsogon adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "srv",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Waray Sorsogon adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Central Bikol adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ilo",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Ilocano adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bno",
"2": "aray"
},
"expansion": "Asi aray",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Indo-Iranian *HáH\nSanskrit आ (ā)\nSanskrit आ- (ā-)\nProto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-\nProto-Indo-Iranian *čarH-\nSanskrit चर् (car)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nSanskrit -अ (-a)\nSanskrit चर (cara)vṛd.\nSanskrit चार (cāra)\nSanskrit आचार (ācāra)\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nSanskrit -य (-ya)\nSanskrit आचार्य (ācārya)\nMalay ajarbor.?\nTagalog aral\nPossibly borrowed from Malay ajar, from Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya), from आचार (ācāra) + -य (-ya). Compare Cuyunon adal, Masbatenyo adal, Masbate Sorsogon adal, Waray Sorsogon adal, Central Bikol adal, Ilocano adal, Asi aray.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜀᜇᜎ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "aral (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜎ᜔)",
"name": "tl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧ral"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"a‧ral"
]
}
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "asal"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"study; studying"
],
"links": [
[
"study",
"study"
],
[
"studying",
"studying"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pag-aaral"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"instruction; education"
],
"links": [
[
"instruction",
"instruction"
],
[
"education",
"education"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "turo"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Tagalog terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
12
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
21,
28
]
],
"english": "The Bible is full of lessons.",
"text": "Puno ng aral ang Bibliya.",
"translation": "The Bible is full of lessons.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"moral lesson; moral teaching (especially from a story)"
],
"links": [
[
"moral",
"moral"
],
[
"lesson",
"lesson"
],
[
"moral",
"moral"
],
[
"teaching",
"teaching"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "leksiyon"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"counsel; admonition; advice"
],
"links": [
[
"counsel",
"counsel"
],
[
"admonition",
"admonition"
],
[
"advice",
"advice"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "payo"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʔaɾal/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈʔaː.ɾɐl]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɾal"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔaˈɾal/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɐˈɾal]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
"word": "aral"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/al",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/al/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/aɾal",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/aɾal/2 syllables",
"Tagalog 2-syllable words",
"Tagalog adjectives",
"Tagalog entries with etymology texts",
"Tagalog entries with etymology trees",
"Tagalog entries with etymon",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog nouns",
"Tagalog terms borrowed from Malay",
"Tagalog terms derived from Malay",
"Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Tagalog terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Tagalog terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷelh₁-",
"Tagalog terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂éd",
"Tagalog terms derived from the Sanskrit root चर्",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with audio pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"tl:Education",
"tr:Geography"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₂éd",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂éd"
],
[
"*HáH",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/HáH"
],
[
"आ",
"आ#Sanskrit:_towards"
],
[
"आ-",
"आ-#Sanskrit"
],
[
"*kʷelh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷelh₁-"
],
[
"*čarH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/čarH-"
],
[
"चर्",
"चर्#Sanskrit"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"-अ",
"-अ#Sanskrit"
],
[
"चर",
"चर#Sanskrit"
],
[
"चार",
"चार#Sanskrit"
],
[
"आचार",
"आचार#Sanskrit"
],
[
"*-yós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yós#Proto-Indo-European:_suffix"
],
[
"-य",
"-य#Sanskrit"
],
[
"आचार्य",
"आचार्य#Sanskrit"
],
[
"ajar",
"ajar#Malay"
],
[
"ajar",
"ajar#Malay"
],
[
"आचार्य",
"आचार्य#Sanskrit"
],
[
"आचार",
"आचार#Sanskrit"
],
[
"-य",
"-य#Sanskrit"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Cuyunon"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Masbatenyo"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Masbate_Sorsogon"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Waray_Sorsogon"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Central_Bikol"
],
[
"adal",
"adal#Ilocano"
],
[
"aray",
"aray#Asi"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": ":bor<unc>",
"3": "ms:ajar",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Indo-Iranian *HáH\nSanskrit आ (ā)\nSanskrit आ- (ā-)\nProto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-\nProto-Indo-Iranian *čarH-\nSanskrit चर् (car)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nSanskrit -अ (-a)\nSanskrit चर (cara)vṛd.\nSanskrit चार (cāra)\nSanskrit आचार (ācāra)\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nSanskrit -य (-ya)\nSanskrit आचार्य (ācārya)\nMalay ajarbor.?\nTagalog aral\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"towards\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂éd\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*HáH\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"आ\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"आ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"vṛd.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Vṛddhi derivative of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to move; to turn (around)\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kʷelh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*čarH-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"चर्\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"-अ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"चर\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"vrd\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"चार\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"आचार\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"-य\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"आचार्य\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Malay\", \"term\" : \"ajar\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ms\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Tagalog\", \"term\" : \"aral\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"tl\" }\" data-lang=\"tl\" data-title=\"aral\">\nPossibly borrowed from Malay ajar, from Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya), from आचार (ācāra) + -य (-ya).",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cyo",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Cuyunon adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "msb",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Masbatenyo adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bks",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Masbate Sorsogon adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "srv",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Waray Sorsogon adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Central Bikol adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ilo",
"2": "adal"
},
"expansion": "Ilocano adal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bno",
"2": "aray"
},
"expansion": "Asi aray",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Indo-Iranian *HáH\nSanskrit आ (ā)\nSanskrit आ- (ā-)\nProto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-\nProto-Indo-Iranian *čarH-\nSanskrit चर् (car)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nSanskrit -अ (-a)\nSanskrit चर (cara)vṛd.\nSanskrit चार (cāra)\nSanskrit आचार (ācāra)\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nSanskrit -य (-ya)\nSanskrit आचार्य (ācārya)\nMalay ajarbor.?\nTagalog aral\nPossibly borrowed from Malay ajar, from Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya), from आचार (ācāra) + -य (-ya). Compare Cuyunon adal, Masbatenyo adal, Masbate Sorsogon adal, Waray Sorsogon adal, Central Bikol adal, Ilocano adal, Asi aray.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "arál",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ᜀᜇᜎ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arál",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "arál (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜎ᜔)",
"name": "tl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧ral"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"a‧ral"
]
}
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"studious; given to studying; studied"
],
"links": [
[
"studious",
"studious"
],
[
"given",
"given"
],
[
"studying",
"studying"
],
[
"studied",
"studied"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"trained; well-trained; educated"
],
"links": [
[
"trained",
"trained"
],
[
"well",
"well"
],
[
"trained",
"trained"
],
[
"educated",
"educated"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʔaɾal/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈʔaː.ɾɐl]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɾal"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔaˈɾal/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɐˈɾal]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
"word": "aral"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish nouns",
"Turkish obsolete terms",
"Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms derived from Proto-Mongolic",
"Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish",
"tr:Geography"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"آرال",
"آرال#Ottoman_Turkish"
],
[
"*aral",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/aral"
],
[
"арал",
"арал#Mongolian"
],
[
"ئارال",
"ئارال#Uyghur"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "آرال",
"t": "archipelago",
"tr": "aral"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish آرال (aral, “archipelago”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "xgn-pro",
"3": "*aral"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *aral",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "арал"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian арал (aral)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "ئارال"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur ئارال (aral)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish آرال (aral, “archipelago”), from a Mongolic language, ultimately from Proto-Mongolic *aral, compare Mongolian арал (aral), Uyghur ئارال (aral).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "aralı",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "arallar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "aralı",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "plural",
"8": "arallar",
"f1request": "1",
"f3request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "aral (definite accusative aralı, plural arallar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ı",
"2": "lar"
},
"expansion": "aral (definite accusative aralı, plural arallar)",
"name": "tr-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"archipelago"
],
"links": [
[
"archipelago",
"archipelago"
]
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"island"
],
"links": [
[
"island",
"island"
]
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "aral"
}
Download raw JSONL data for aral meaning in All languages combined (31.0kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"aral"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "aral",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: aral/Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"aral"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "aral",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: aral/Irish 'with h-prothesis' base_tags={'eclipsis', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"aral"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "aral",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: aral/Irish 'with t-prothesis' base_tags={'eclipsis', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"aral"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "aral",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/20250114",
"msg": "Negatively nested table braces, couldn't split inflection section, aral/Irish section declension",
"path": [
"aral"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "aral",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.